RODNEY C. EWING
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Rod Ewing is a
professor in the Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences at
the University of Michigan, responsible for the program in radiation effects
and nuclear waste management. He also
holds appointments in Geological Sciences and Materials Science &
Engineering and is an Emeritus Regents' Professor at the University of New
Mexico in the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, where he was a member
of the faculty from 1974 to 1997 and chair of the department from 1979 to 1984.
He is also an Adjungeret Professor at the University of Aarhus in
Denmark. Ewing received
a B.S. degree in geology from Texas Christian University (1968, summa cum
laude) and M.S. (l972) and Ph.D. (l974, with distinction) degrees in mineralogy from Stanford University where
he held an NSF Fellowship. His
graduate studies focused on an esoteric group of minerals, metamict Nb-Ta-Ti
oxides that are unusual because they have become amorphous due to radiation
damage caused by the presence of radioactive elements (U and Th) and
radionuclides in their decay series.
This radiation-induced phase transformation from a crystalline to
amorphous (periodic-to-aperiodic) structure can have significant effects on the
properties of materials, such as the decreased durability of radioactive waste
forms. Over the past twenty years, the
early study of these unusual minerals has blossomed into a broadly based
research program on radiation effects in complex ceramic materials. Such studies have lead to the development of
techniques to predict and confirm the very long-term behavior of materials,
such as those used in radioactive waste disposal. The key to such studies has been the use of natural phases of
great age in designing highly durable nuclear waste forms. Present research
includes: radiation effects caused by heavy-particle interactions with
crystalline materials (e.g., ion-beam modification of ceramics and minerals);
the structure and crystal chemistry of complex Nb-Ta-Ti oxides; the crystal chemistry
of actinide and fission product elements, the application of "natural
analogues" to the evaluation of the long-term durability of radioactive
waste forms and the release and transport of radionuclides; the low-temperature corrosion of silicate
glasses; the neutronics and
geochemistry of the natural nuclear reactors in Gabon, Africa. The research has utilized a wide variety of
solid-state characterization techniques, such as x-ray diffraction, x-ray
absorption spectroscopy and high-resolution electron microscopy. The work of the research group has been
supported not only by U.S. funding agencies but also from sources abroad
(Sweden, Germany, Australia and Japan, as well as by the European Union and
NATO). Ewing is the author or co-author
of approximately 400 research publications and the editor or co-editor of seven
monographs, proceedings volumes or special issues of journals. He was recently granted a patent for the
development of a highly durable material for the immobilization of excess
weapons plutonium. He received a
Guggenheim Fellowship in 2002. Ewing is a
fellow of the Geological Society of America and the Mineralogical Society of
America and has served the Materials Research Society as a Councilor
(1983-1985; 1987-1989) and Secretary (l985-l986).
He was president of the Mineralogical
Society of America (2002) International Union of Materials Research Societies
(1997-1998) and the New Mexico Geological Society (1981). He was a member of the Board of Directors of
the Caswell Silver Foundation (l980-l984) and Energy, Exploration, Education,
Inc. (l979-l984). He has served as a
guest scientist or faculty member at Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories,
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the Hahn-Meitner-Institut in Berlin, the Department of Nuclear
Engineering in the Technion University at Haifa, the Centre D'Etudes Nucléaires
de Fontenay-Aux-Roses, Commissariat A L'Énergie Atomique in France, Charles
University in Prague, the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, the Institut
für Nukleare Entsorgungstechnik of the Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Aarhus
University in Denmark, Mineralogical Institute of Tokyo University and the
Khlopin Radium Institute in St. Petersburg, Russia. The involvement
in issues related to nuclear waste disposal has proceeded in parallel with the
basic research program most notably in association with the activities of the
Materials Research Society where he has been a member of the program committee
and the editor or associate editor for the proceedings volumes for the symposia
on the "Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management" held in
Berlin-82, Boston-84, Stockholm-85, Berlin-88,
Strasbourg-91, Kyoto-1994, Boston-1998 and Sydney-2000. He is co-editor of and a contributing author
of Radioactive Waste Forms for the Future
(published by North-Holland Physics, Amsterdam, 1988). Professor Ewing has served on National
Research Council committees for the National Academy of Sciences that have
reviewed the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico (1984 to 1996), the
Remediation of Buried and Tank Wastes at Hanford, Washington and INEEL, Idaho
(1992 to 1995), and the INEEL High-Level Waste Alternative Treatments
(1998-1999), as well as a subcommittee on WIPP for the Environmental Protection
Agency's National Advisory Council on Environmental Policy and Technology (1992
to 1998). He has served as an invited expert to the Advisory Committee on
Nuclear Waste of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and a consultant to the
Nuclear Waste Technology Review Board.
He is presently a member of the Board of Radioactive Waste Management of
the National Research Council.
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